Oxidation processes are almost unavoidable in the production and further processing of steel. Therefore, a better understanding of its mechanisms is crucial. Simulating selected process steps, like casting, heat treatment or hot rolling, by simultaneous-thermal-analysis (STA-DTA/TG measurements) improve the understanding of the influence of process parameters and steel composition on the formation of surface [...]
The Leco-436DR is able to measure both nitrogen and oxygen in a wide variety of metals, refractories and inorganic materials. Detection method: Oxygen: Infrared Absorption Nitrogen: Thermal Conductivity Sample weight: ~ 1g Measuring ranges: N: 1ppm – 4,5% O: 1ppm – 0,5% Contact: This option will not work correctly. Unfortunately, your [...]
The LECO CS-444LS is able to simultaneously determine the carbon and sulfur content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. Detection method: Solid-state infrared absorption Sample weight: ~ 1g Measuring ranges: C: 1ppm – 6% S: 1ppm – 0,35% Contact: This option will not work correctly. Unfortunately, your browser does [...]
High Temperature Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy is used to observe surfaces of samples at elevated temperatures up to 1750°C. The set up consists of a He-Ne Laser as a light source and an infrared heating chamber. The He-Ne laser in combination with a pinhole blocks out thermal radiation of the sample enabling the observation [...]
The High-frequency remelting (HFR) and spin-casting machine allows the rapid production of laboratory alloys by induction melting under argon protective atmosphere. The turbulent flow from the induction provides an excellent mixing of the melt and the closed melting chamber prevents oxidation. The subsequent (optional) centrifugal spin-casting into a copper mould supports also the homogenization [...]
The tammann furnace is an electric resistance tube furnace from the manufacturer Ruhrstrat GmbH (Ruhrstrat HRTK 32 Sond.) with a maximum operating temperature of 1700°C. With the experimental set-up of the tammann-type furnace it’s possible to investigate a huge variety of steel systems. Since change in atmosphere and alloying in any order is feasible, [...]
In the well-defined gas and temperature conditions of the pressure thermogravimetric analyser the weight changes of the samples can be measured. The testing programs are performed automatically recording gas-flows, temperatures, pressure and the weight of the sample. Principles of the pressure thermogravimetric analyser: temperatures in the apparatus can be adjusted between 25 and 1100 °C [...]
The fluidized bed cold testing model is used to identify the flow regimes and to measure the entrainment of the materials at defined gas velocities. The dimensions of the apparatus are equal to the hot fluidized bed reactor at the chair of ferrous metallurgy. Therefore, materials can be tested concerning their fluidization behaviour using [...]
The GAM 200 is a mass spectrometer for fast and precise multi-component gas analysis.The variety of gas inlet systems and the flexibility of the InProcess-Quadstar software allows the user to adapt the system to the most diverse tasks in industry and laboratory. Product Highlights Specific and sensitive gas analysis Multicomponent analyzer Large dynamic measuring [...]
The production of iron using hydrogen as a reducing agent is an alternative to conventional iron- and steel-making processes, with an associated decrease in CO2emissions. Hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (HPSR) of iron ore is the process of using hydrogen thermal plasma to reduce iron oxides. A laboratory-scale hydrogen plasma facility, which is called ‘Plasmette’, [...]
